What are typical relapsing features of multiple sclerosis and one nursing consideration?

• A. New neurological deficits lasting >24 hours in different sites; coordinate rehab and safety.
• B. New neurological deficits lasting >24 hours in the same site; coordinate rehab and safety.
• C. Progressive decline without discrete relapses; focus only on comfort measures.
• D. Seizures during relapse are the defining feature.

Answer: (A)

Relapses in multiple sclerosis are characterized by new neurologic deficits that last more than 24 hours and occur in different areas of the nervous system, indicating new inflammatory attacks affecting distinct CNS regions. This pattern helps distinguish a true relapse from a steady progression or isolated symptoms that wax and wane.

The nursing focus during a relapse is on coordinating rehabilitation and ensuring safety. As new deficits emerge—such as weakness, sensory changes, vision problems, or balance difficulties—the risk of falls and functional decline increases. Early involvement of physical and occupational therapy, along with environmental modifications and safety planning, supports function and helps prevent injuries while the relapse resolves.

Seizures are not the defining feature of an MS relapse, and a relapse in the same site is not the typical pattern described. A progressive decline without discrete relapses describes a different disease course rather than a relapsing-remitting pattern.